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MINERVA IN FOCUS                                                                                    Stay Safe




        Continuum                                          Employee best practice #1:
                                                           Recognise prohibited behaviour
        of Harm                                            Prohibited behaviours are behaviours that create an unsafe work envi-
                                                           ronment for employees and are strictly unacceptable for the workplace.
                                                           A tool that can help us understand the connection between different
                                                           kinds of prohibited behaviour, including those of a sexual nature, is the
                                                           continuum of harm.
          Professional Work                                The continuum of harm shows an escalation of behaviour that can lead
                                                           to sexual harassment or sexual assault. Tolerance or behaviour found
          Environment                                      on the top of the continuum supports or tolerates behaviour found on
                                                           the bottom, which is why you need to take a stand against all prohibited
                                                           behaviours of a sexual nature that fall within the continuum of harm.
             •   Engaged leadership
             •   Good order & discipline   KEEP IT         Employee best practice #2:
             •   Dignity & respect         IN THE          Understand the impact of sexual harassment and
             •   Ethical standards          GREEN          sexual assault
             •   Accountability                            The stress response, or the fight, flight or freeze response, is the
             •   Safe environment                          emergency reaction system of the body. A person cannot control how
                                                           their body will react when confronted with perceived anger. The brain
                                                           automatically makes that decision for the body in less than a second.
          Early                                            It is common for survivors of sexual assault and sexual harassment
                                                           to experience the freeze response. Some victims/survivors may
          Warning Signs                                    feel confused when they experience a fight, flight or freeze stress
                                                           response and might not understand why they reacted in a certain
                                                           way. However, there is no right or wrong way to respond to a trau-
             •   Excessive flirting                        matic experience.
             •   Toxic atmosphere                          There are many ways in which trauma can affect victims/survivors
             •   Inappropriate jokes or comments           including but not limited to:
             •   Disparaging comments on social media
             •   Inappropriate work relationships          Emotional reactions:        Physical reactions:
                                                                •  Fear                    •  Heightened awareness
                                                                •  Isolation                 of surroundings
          Sexual                                                •  Anger                   •  Jumpy, skittish,
                                                                •  Numbness
                                                                                             or nervous behaviours
          Harassment                                            •  Confusion               •  Changes in eating
                                                                                             or sleeping habits
                                                                •  Guilt
                                                                •  Shame                   •  Avoidance of certain
             •   Unsolicited sexually explicit texts or         •  Self-blame                people or places that
                 emails                                         •  Denial                    trigger memories
             •   Unsolicited naked pictures                     •  Powerlessness           •  Social isolation
             •   Indecent recording or broadcasting             •  Sadness                   & withdrawal
             •   Nonconsensual kissing or touching              •  Shock                   •  Self-harming be-
             •   Indecent exposure                                                           haviours
             •   Indecent viewing                          Psychological                   •  Conflict with family
             •   Shouting inappropriate, sexually sugges-  reactions:                        or friends
                 tive, or threatening comments                  •  Post-traumatic          •  Problems at school
             •   Sexual innuendos                                stress disorder (PTSD)      or work
             •   Cornering or blocking                          •  Anxiety
                                                                •  Depression
                                                                •  Flashbacks
          Sexual Assault                                        •  Substance use or sub-
                                                                 stance use disorder
                                                                •  Suicidal thoughts and
             •   Rape                                            suicide attempts
             •   Abusive sexual contact                         •  Changes in memory and
             •   Sexual touching                                 concentration
             •   Pinching
             •   Groping
             •   Physical force                            To read the full
             •   Sexual fondling                           Best Practices Guide,
                                                           scan the QR Code:


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